Spain is positioning itself at the forefront of AI governance, supported by a fully operational dedicated AI regulator (AESIA), an active regulatory sandbox already generating practical compliance insights, and a national AI Bill approved by the Council of Ministers in May 2026, currently under P

Since 2020, certain foreign direct investments ("FDI") have been subject to scrutiny in Spain. Additional formalities have since been introduced through developing FDI regulations that entered into force on September 1, 2023.

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The restrictions imposed by the Spanish government on foreign direct investments during the COVID-19 outbreak have remained after the pandemic.

Measures enacted to protect the Spanish economy against the COVID-19 crisis may persist longer than expected

Since 2020, certain foreign direct investments are subject to scrutiny in Spain and, since then, additional formalities have been introduced, specifically by a developing FDI regulation that entered into force on September 1, 2023.

Certain foreign direct investments in Spain are subject to scrutiny under the Law 19/2003 (Law on the movement of capital and foreign economic transactions and on certain measures for the prevention of money laundering).