Foreign direct investment ("FDI") in the United Kingdom is covered by the National Security and Investment Act ("NSIA") of 2021 (which equally applies to UK purchasers), and in 2025 the government continued to update information and guidelines concerning the legislation.

Foreign direct investment ("FDI") is permissible in the United Arab Emirates, subject to applicable licensing and ownership conditions.

Sustaining economic stability and building on the strong foreign direct investment ("FDI") momentum of 2025, Türkiye continues to prioritize policies that strengthen its position as an attractive and competitive investment hub.

Switzerland is set to introduce its first cross-sector foreign direct investment ("FDI") screening regime.

Entering its third year, Sweden's foreign direct investment ("FDI") Act remains a key consideration in a significant share of transactions involving Swedish companies.

Since 2020, certain foreign direct investments ("FDI") have been subject to scrutiny in Spain. Additional formalities have since been introduced through developing FDI regulations that entered into force on September 1, 2023.

The year 2025 continued with the implementation of the course set earlier in 2023 and 2024, with few substantial updates to cybersecurity legislation extending FDI regulation to new fields of business critical for the Slovak Republic.

The year 2025 was not marked by any major changes in the sphere of regulation of foreign investments in Russia, and the regulator continues to implement the course on strengthening control taken earlier.

While far-reaching in its scope, compared with other countries in the European Union, the Romanian foreign direct investment ("FDI") regime is generally perceived as investor friendly.

In Portugal, transactions involving the acquisition of control over strategic assets by entities residing outside the European Union or the European Economic Area ("EEA") may be subject to foreign direct investment ("FDI") screening.

In 2025, Poland's foreign direct investment ("FDI") regime was made permanent, and responsibility for its enforcement was transferred to the Ministry of Finance and Economy.

Norway's foreign direct investment ("FDI") screening regime is anchored in the Norwegian Security Act (the "Security Act" or the "Act"), which imposes mandatory filing requirements for transactions involving companies designated as security sensitive.

The Netherlands is set to expand its investment screening regime by extending the general mechanism to more sectors and by introducing additional sector-specific regulations.

The Middle East continues to welcome foreign investment, subject to licensing approvals and ownership thresholds for certain business sectors or in certain geographical zones.

Malta's foreign direct investment ("FDI") regime regulates specific transactions that must be notified to the authorities and may, in some instances, be subject to screening.

Two years after its entry into force, the Luxembourg foreign direct investment ("FDI") screening regime has reached a solid level of maturity, and its requirements are now well understood by market stakeholders.

All investments concerning national security are within the scope of review in Lithuania.

The Latvian foreign direct investment ("FDI") regime applies to companies of significance to national security, as well as companies owning or possessing critical infrastructure.

Italy's "Golden Power Law" review: Over a decade old, yet continuously expanding its reach.

Ireland's Screening of Third Country Transactions Act entered into force on January 6, 2025.

Hungary's foreign direct investment ("FDI") regimes faced temporary headwinds in 2025, but no lasting regulatory changes ultimately took hold.

Following numerous amendments over the past years, Germany's foreign direct investment ("FDI") review continued in full swing, with further significant updates expected in the coming years.

French foreign direct investment ("FDI") screening continues to focus on foreign investments involving medical and biotech activities, food security activities or the treatment, storage and transmission of sensitive data. The nuclear ecosystem is subject to very close scrutiny.

Foreign direct investment ("FDI") deals are generally not blocked in Finland, but the government is able to monitor and, if necessary, restrict foreign investment.

The relevance of Estonia's foreign direct investment ("FDI") screening mechanism has remained modest since its inception at the end of 2023 but is expected to grow in light of the geopolitical situation, on account of increased activity in the defense sector.

The scope of the Danish foreign direct investment ("FDI") regime is comprehensive and requires a careful assessment of investments and agreements involving Danish companies.

The Czech Foreign Investments Screening Act took effect in May 2021, establishing the rights and duties of foreign investors and setting screening requirements for Czech targets.

On July 22, 2025, the Bulgarian Foreign Direct Investment ("FDI") screening mechanism entered into effect.

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The Belgian foreign direct investment ("FDI") screening regime entered into force in July 2023. Investors and authorities alike are still coming to grips with the regime and the limited guidance available to help parties navigate it.

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The wide scope, low trigger thresholds and broad interpretation of the Austrian Foreign Direct Investment ("FDI") regime require a thorough assessment and proactive planning throughout the mergers and acquisitions ("M&A") process.

The European Union continues to be a driver of foreign direct investment ("FDI") screening, with coordinated and mandatory enforcement now on the horizon.